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Background Coal workers are inclined to report multi-site work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) due to their specific working environment and extensive exposure to occupational hazards, which seriously affect the physical and mental health of coal workers. objective To investigate the prevalence of multi-site WMSDs among workers in coal mining enterprises in Xinjiang, and analyze the related factors influencing multi-site WMSDs. Methods Using stratified cluster random sampling method, Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire, Job Burnout Questionnaire, and Brief Occupational Stress Questionnaire were distributed in six Xinjiang coal mining enterprises to collect data on general information, prevalence of WMSDs in the past year, work-related information, job burnout, and occupational stress among coal miners with a working experience ≥ 1 year. A multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of multi-site WMSDs. Results A total of 1730 questionnaires were distributed in this survey, 1448 valid questionnaires were recovered, and the valid recovery rate was 83.7%. Among the 1448 coal miners, 93.2% were males and 6.8% were females; 39.2% were aged ≤ 35 years, 31.1% were aged 35-45 years, and 29.6% were aged > 45 years; 58.4% reported ≤ 10 years of working experience, 20.0% reported 10-20 years, and 21.6% reported > 20 years. The total prevalence rate of WMSDs in the coal miners was 75.6% (1095/1448), the prevalence rate of multi-site WMSDs was 58.4% (846/1448), and the prevalence rate of one-site WMSDs was 17.2% (249/1448). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that working experience > 20 years (OR=2.245, 95%CI: 1.655-3.045), severe burnout (OR=2.644, 95%CI: 1.549-4.516), and multiple repetitive operations per minute very often (OR=2.038, 95%CI: 1.339-3.101), often bending at larger angles (OR=1.467, 95%CI: 1.111-1.938), long-time bending the neck forward (OR=1.671, 95%CI: 1.294-2.159), and slipping or falling down (OR=2.459, 95%CI: 1.908-3.168) were positively correlated with multi-site WMSDs; sufficient rest time (OR=0.718, 95%CI: 0.565-0.913) was negatively correlated with multi-site WMSDs. Conclusion Multi-site WMSDs is common among workers in coal mining enterprises, and the prevalence rate of multi-site WMSDs is higher than that of one-site WMSDs. Working experience, job burnout, frequent multiple repetitive operations per minute, often bending at larger angles, long-time bending the neck forward, slipping or falling down, and sufficient rest time are influencing factors of multi-site WMSDs in coal workers.
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Background The prevalence rate of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among manufacturing workers is relatively high and has been widely concerned. However, research on the prevalence and risk factors of multi-site WMSDs is still insufficient. Objective To explore the prevalence and risk factors of multi-site WMSDs of assembly workers in four manufacturing enterprises. Methods The "Chinese Musculoskeletal Questionnaire" was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey among 1401 assembly workers selected by convenient sampling in four manufacturing enterprises, and their demographic characteristics, the prevalence of WMSDs in various body parts, and the information about biomechanical factors, work organizations, work environment, and psychosocial factor exposure were collected. The prevalence of WMSDs and multi-site WMSDs were estimated, Pearson χ2 test was used for univariate analysis of multi-site WMSDs risk factors, and logistic regression was used for multi-factor analysis. Results The total prevalence rate of WMSDs was 54.9% (769/1 401). The top three affected sites were neck (41.4%), shoulders (30.7%), and wrist/hand (25.1%). The prevalence rate of multi-site WMSDs was 41.9% (587/1 401). The prevalence rates of multi-site WMSDs in railway vehicle assembly and riveting workers were higher than those in electronic parts processing and glass manufacturing workers (P<0.001). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that individual factors such as female (OR=2.09, 95%CI: 1.48−2.97) and drinking (OR=1.52, 95%CI: 1.05−2.18), biomechanics factors such as keeping head down for a long time (OR=1.37, 95%CI: 1.22–1.53), keeping bending frequently (OR=1.18, 95%CI: 1.03–1.34), and keeping arms up for a long time (OR=1.25, 95%CI: 1.10–1.41), work organizational factors such as electronic parts processing, railway vehicle assembly, and riveting (OR values were 3.23, 5.70, and 13.83, respectively), environmental factors such as temperature a little cold (OR=4.84, 95%CI: 1.90–12.37), noise seriously affecting work (OR=2.25, 95%CI: 1.23–4.11), and psychosocial factors such as high job demands (OR=1.47, 95%CI: 1.04–2.08), fatigue after work (OR=1.92−2.61) were risk factors of multi-site WMSDs. Conclusion The prevalence rate of multi-site WMSDs in assembly workers is high, and the main influencing factors include individual factors, awkward work postures, environmental factors, and psychosocial factors.
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@# Objective - - To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of multi site work related musculoskeletal disorders （ ） Methods WMSDs in surgeons. A total of 102 surgeons from four hospitals were selected as study subjects by convenient sampling method. The Chinese version of Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used to investigate the prevalence of ， Results WMSDs in the past one year the related individuals and occupational factors. The total prevalence of WMSDs among （ ）， （ ） （ ） surgeons was 54.9%. The top three sites were neck 48.0% lower back 35.3% and shoulder 32.4% . The prevalence of （ vs ，P ） WMSDs in multiple sites was higher than that in a single site 43.1% 11.8% <0.01 . Multivariate logistic regression ， ， analysis showed that surgeons who smoked were tired at work and had a bent back had a higher risk of developing WMSDs ［ （ - ）， （ - ）， （ - ）， P ］ odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were 3.66 1.41 9.46 8.33 2.15 32.20 and 18.74 2.14 166.77 all <0.01 Conclusion - after excluding the influence of confounding factors. The prevalence rate of multi site WMSDs among surgeons is ， high and the influencing factors include bad living habits and occupational factors such as working load and working posture.
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Objective To analyze serotype distribution, drug resistance, quinolone resistance gene carrying status and genetic relationship of foodborne Salmonella and human Salmonella isolates in Changzhou from 2012 to 2018, to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of Salmonella. Methods The serum type was identified by serum agglutination and liquid chip. The antibiotic sensitivity was determined by micro broth dilution method. The quinolone antibiotic resistance gene was determined by gene sequencing method. The multilocus sequence typing ( MLST ) typing was performed on quinolone-resistant Salmonella, and the genetic relationship was analyzed by BioNumerics 8.0. Results A total of 10 and 36 serotypes were detected in 46 foodborne Salmonella strains and 152 human Salmonella strains, respectively. The dominant serotypes were Indiana Salmonella and Salmonella typhimurium. Erythromycin resistance rate was the highest in both Salmonella strains, and the proportion of multidrug-resistant bacteria was 93.47 % ( 43 / 46 ) and 80.92 % ( 123 / 152 ), respectively. 38 strains of quinolone-resistant foodborne Salmonella GyrA subunit mainly occurred double mutations Asp87Asn, Ser83Phe, ParC subunit mainly occurred single mutation Ser80Arg, 119 strains of quinolone-resistant human Salmonella qnrS gene detection rate was higher, reached 68.1 % ( 81 / 119 ) ; The dominant ST types of quinolone-resistant Salmonella from two sources were ST17 and ST19, respectively. Conclusions The antibiotic sensitivity of the two Salmonella resistant strains from Changzhou was the same ; Synergistic drug resistance, but both quinolone resistance genemutations and carry inconsistent ; The ST type distribution of quinolone resistant strains isalso inconsistent, and the genetic relationship is far. It is suggested that the probability of Salmonella resistant bacteria infection caused by food transmission in our region is small, and the treatment of the two should be differentiated.
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Objective@#To investigate and compare the attitudes of clinical nurses and nursing managers towards float nurse, and to provide references for the implementation of nurse mobile practice mode in China.@*Methods@#By stratified sampling, the survey was conducted on clinical nurses and nursing managers of 15 tertiary hospitals in 9 prefecture-level cities in Fujian.@*Results@#A total of 9 389 valid questionnaires were recovered, including 525 for nursing managers and 8 864 for clinical nurses. By comparing the attitudes between two groups, it was found that nursing managers who knew more about mobile practice were more willing to practice floating practice, including 50.86% (267/525) heard and inquired, 49.14% (258/525) willing to float, than clinical nurses who paid less attention, including 32.41% (2 873/8 864) heard and inquired, 38.87% (3 445/8 864) willing to float. Multi-factor analysis showed that among nursing managers, those with a bachelor’s degree or above was more willing to float. While among clinical nurses, young, unmarried, side, bachelor degree or above were more willing to float. On the choice of flow mode, nursing managers were inclined to float between hospitals (46.54%, 215/525), but clinical nurses were prone to community float (42.45%, 3 142/8 864). Furthermore, nursing managers had higher requirements on the professional title and seniority of float nurse, and 39.43% (207/525) believe that the professional title should be supervisor, while 81.71% (429/525) thought that length of service as a nurse should be 5 years or more.@*Conclusion@#There are differences between clinical nurses and nursing managers in such aspects as the intention of floating practice, obstacles and guarantee factors, cognition and selection of demanders, and acceptance of practice threshold. The above differences should be fully considered in the trial of the "Internet + Nursing" floating practice mode for nurses.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of multi-site work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs) among workers in the industry of electronic equipment manufacturing. METHODS: A total of 815 workers in three factories of electronic equipment manufacturing in Guangdong Province were selected as study subjects by convenience sampling. The prevalence of multi-site WMSDs in the past year was investigated using Musculoskeletal Disorders Investigating Questionnaire and the influencing factors were analyzed. RESULTS: The total prevalence of WMSDs was 69.4%(566/815). The prevalence of multi-site WMSDs was 54.5%(444/815), and the prevalence of one-site WMSDs was 15.0%(122/815). Multiple logistic regression showed that female workers had higher prevalence of multi-site WMSDs than males [odds radio(OR) and 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.59(1.12-2.26), P<0.05]. The prevalence of multi-site WMSDs in left-handed workers was lower than that of right-handed workers [OR(95% CI): 0.42(0.19-0.91), P<0.05]. The longer service of current position and the more neck forward movement, the higher prevalence of multi-site WMSDs [OR(95% CI) were 1.33(1.09-1.63) and 1.62(1.23-2.15), P<0.01]. The workers who had long-time sitting at work, adopted uncomfortable working posture, could decide when to work on their own, kept head down for a long time, or often bending wrists up/down had higher prevalence of multi-site WMSDs [OR(95% CI) were 1.41(1.16-1.73), 1.82(1.40-2.38), 1.79(1.16-2.75), 1.92(1.38-2.69) and 1.60(1.14-2.24), respectively, P<0.01]. The workers who could take turns with colleagues to finish work or had enough rest time had lower prevalence of multi-site WMSDs [OR(95% CI): 0.57(0.41-0.78) and 0.67(0.48-0.92), P<0.05]. The workers who worked >10 h per day had lower prevalence of multi-site WMSDs than those who worked ≤8 h per day [OR(95% CI): 0.57(0.37-0.87), P<0.05]. CONCLUSION: Multi-site WMSDs were more common than one-site WMSDs among workers in the industry of electronic equipment manufacturing, and the prevalence of multi-site WMSDs was high. The risk factors include personal factors, work organization and adverse ergonomic factors.
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A highly effective medicine is urgently required to cure coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). For the purpose, we developed a molecular docking based webserver, namely D3Targets-2019-nCoV, with two functions, one is for predicting drug targets for drugs or active compounds observed from clinic or / studies, the other is for identifying lead compounds against potential drug targets docking. This server has its unique features, (1) the potential target proteins and their different conformations involving in the whole process from virus infection to replication and release were included as many as possible; (2) all the potential ligand-binding sites with volume larger than 200 Å on a protein structure were identified for docking; (3) correlation information among some conformations or binding sites was annotated; (4) it is easy to be updated, and is accessible freely to public (https://www.d3pharma.com/D3Targets-2019-nCoV/index.php). Currently, the webserver contains 42 proteins [20 severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) encoded proteins and 22 human proteins involved in virus infection, replication and release] with 69 different conformations/structures and 557 potential ligand-binding pockets in total. With 6 examples, we demonstrated that the webserver should be useful to medicinal chemists, pharmacologists and clinicians for efficiently discovering or developing effective drugs against the SARS-CoV-2 to cure COVID-19.
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Condyloma acuminatum (CA) is a benign tumor primarily caused by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) type-6 or type-11, lesions of which are most frequently found on the genital, perianal squamous mucosa, and skin. CA outside the anogenital region is not common. Here, we report a case showing simultaneous presence of CA on the vaginal orifice, areola, groin, and umbilicus in a 32-year-old pregnant woman. Histopathological examination and HPV detection are essential in making a definitive diagnosis of CA on multiple sites. The patient was treated with microwave and liquid nitrogen cryotherapy, but repeated relapse of the lesions were observed. Patients with CA during pregnancy represent a special risk group. These cases are usually characterized by fast-growing warts, multi-site or special site warts, a reduced tolerance, and poor response to treatment. Hence, we should pay more attention to CA in pregnant women in the process of diagnosis and treatment, especially cases outside the anogenital region.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the occurrence pattern of work-related musculoskeletal disorders( WMSDs) in electronic parts processing workers. METHODS: A total of 498 workers from an electronic parts processing factory were selected as study subjects by judgement sampling method. The prevalence of WMSDs in the past 1 year was investigated by using the China Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. The potential category model was used to classify the categories of WMSDs. RESULTS: The incidence of WMSDs in the past 1 year was 46. 8%( 233/498). Among them,the incidence of WMSDs involving only one site was 13. 1%( 65/498),and those involving at least 2 sites were 33. 7%( 168/498). The multi-site WMSDs were about 6-58 times of the single-site WMSDs. According to potential category analysis,the occurrence patterns of WMSDs were divided into three categories: i) cervical and shoulder occurrence group( 135 persons,27. 1%); ii) all parts group( 31 persons,6. 2%); iii) few or no site group( 332 persons,66. 7%). CONCLUSION: The occurrence of multi-site WMSDs in electronic parts processing workers were more common than the single-site. Analysis of potential category can be used to explore the occurrence pattern of WMSDs.
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Resumen: Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 79 años con miocardiopatía dilatada severa, disfunción ventricular izquierda, fibrilación auricular permanente y portador de un resincronizador ventricular. Al efectuar un recambio del resincronizador se implantó un electrodo adicional para estimulación multisitio del ventrículo izquierdo. Ello condujo a significativa mejoría clínica y de la fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo.
Abstract: A 79-year-old man with dilated cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation undergoing resynchronization therapy had and additional electrode implanted in the left ventricle. Multi-site stimulation led to an improved functional class and left ventricular ejection fraction.
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Humans , Male , Aged , Atrial Fibrillation/therapy , Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy/methods , Heart Failure/therapy , Atrial Fibrillation/diagnosis , Radiography, Thoracic , Electrocardiography , Electrodes, Implanted , Heart Failure/diagnosisABSTRACT
Objective To explore the current situation of nurses' multi-site practice,and the attitude and willingness of nurses towards multi-site practice in Guangzhou,and to analyze the pros and cons and the obstacles during implementing multi-site practice in Guangzhou.Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted among nurses recruited from four general hospitals,one specialist hospital and two community health centers using convenience sampling in October 2016.Interviews were recorded and analyzed by quantitative method after transcription.Results Totally 55 registered nurses were interviewed,including 24 nurse managers and 31 clinical nurses.Fifty-four (98.18％) nurses were supportive to nurses' multi-site practice and 20(36.36％) had the will to carry out multi-site practice themselves.For benefits of multi-site practice,participants considered it could be good to nursing staffs personal growth and career development,contribute to the rational allocation of nursing staff resources and increase the income of nurses.The mentioned disadvantages of nurses' multi-site practice were difficulties of nurses' management and nursing quality management,and the risk of involving primary practicing work place in medical disputes.The obstacles of implementing nurses' multi-site practice included unclear laws and regulations,nursing quality being difficult to control,and inadequate training and management of multi-site practicing nurses.Conclusion The majority of the nurses in Guangzhou supported the nurses' multi-site practice,however,due to unclear regulations and inadequate guarantee system for medical risks,nurses' willingness to carry out multi-site practice were relatively low.Problems faced by nurses' multi-site practice need to be noted and laws and policies should be developed to carry forward the development of nurses' multi-site practice in the future.
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The policy of“licensed doctors'multi-site clinical practice” aims to provide patients with a better access to quali-ty medical and health resources.Patient's understanding and support indicates the executive condition of the implementation of the pol-icy and it can also promote the implementation of the policy to a certain extant .In this study , the questionnaire survey and statistical tools were used to investigate the differences in their attitudes to the policy .
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Western developed countries have already made multi-site physician practice a mainstream in their physicians'regulatory system,which remains however at the beginning stage in China during the ongoing health reform since 2009.This article justified the significance of this practice,then analyzed its main roadblocks encountered in China,and in the end proposed countermeasures in terms of better awareness,better policy support and practicality of the practice.
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The paper introduced the multi-site physician practice operational in the modes of hospital departmental support,hospital trusteeship,and public-private hospital management,and summarized the merits of such a practice adopted in the background of cooperative hospital operations as follows.A cooperation of common interests enjoys supports of all stakeholders and minimum resistance;better policies and conditions mobilize physicians'incentives; better continuity of medical practice; better public benefits of the hospital.The paper also probed into such issues as setbacks of the practice in such a background,complicity of medical disputes definition and resolution,possible talent drain of public hospitals,and possible impacts on branding and core competence of public hospitals.
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In this article, the traditional multi-site-directed mutagenesis method based on overlap extension PCR was improved specifically for complicated templates, such as genomic sequence or complementary DNA. This method was effectively applied for multi-site-directed mutagenesis directly from mouse genomic DNA, as well as for combination, deletion or insertion of DNA fragments.
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Objective To evaluate and compare the predictive validity of the Braden Q and Braden pressure ulcer risk assessment scales in the acute pediatric patients, and explore the cutoff score of the scales. Methods We adopted the prospective cohort study design.The settings included three PICU of three different children's hospitals. Two nurses were appointed as the data collectors, and they were in charge of both the scoring and the skin assessment separately. Results We collected 145 samples. There were 9 patients who developed the pressure ulcers, and the incidence rate was 6.2%. The cutoff score of Braden Q and Braden scale was 17 and 14. The AUC of the ROC curve of the two scales was 0.481 and 0.398. Conclusions The Braden Q scale is more suitable for the pediatric patients. Further study is neededed to improve the scale.
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By using gene SOEing PCR, Arg (CGC) in the expression fragment of chitinase gene (chi58) from Chaetomium cupreum was mutated synonymously to Arg (AGA), which is a bias code of Pichia pas-toris yeast. The expression plasmid pPIC9K-chi58A was constructed and transformed into GS115 strain through electroporation. The chitinase activity reached 101.71 U/mL?3.33 U/mL after induced with 120 h, which was the 3 fold of the original strain (31.83 U/mL?4.85 U/mL). Additionally, recombinant yeast showed good genetic stability after 10 cycle. SDS-PAGE analysis suggested that the weight of protein was 58 kD.